Iilayini zodongwe ze-Geosynthetic(I-GCLs) zizixhobo ezintsha eziye zafumana amandla kwiinkalo zobunjineli boluntu, ukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo, kunye nolawulo lwenkunkuma. Ezi liners ziquka umaleko we-bentonite oxutywe phakathi kweengqimba ezimbini ze-geotextiles okanye i-geotextile kunye ne-geomembrane. Iimpawu ezikhethekileyo ze-GCLs zenza ukuba zilungele usetyenziso oluhlukeneyo, ngakumbi kwiinkqubo zokuthintela kunye nezithintelo. Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga ukusetyenziswa kwe-geosynthetic clay liners, izibonelelo zabo, kunye nezinto ezichaphazela ixabiso le-GCLs.
Ukusetyenziswa kweGeosynthetic Clay Liner
1. Umgca weNdawo yokulahla inkunkuma: Enye yezona zinto zisetyenziswayoGCLsikwizicelo zokulahla inkunkuma. Zisebenza njengomqobo ekuthinteleni i-leachate (ulwelo oluyityhefu oluveliswayo xa inkunkuma ibola) ekungcoliseni umhlaba ongqongileyo kunye namanzi aphantsi komhlaba. Ii-GCL zidla ngokusetyenziswa ngokubambisana ne-geomembranes ukwenza inkqubo ye-lining ehlanganisiweyo ephucula ukusebenza ngokubanzi kwetiphu.
2.Inkunkuma:GCLszikwasetyenziselwa ukuqulatha inkunkuma eyingozi. Bayakwazi ukwandisa kunye nokwenza umqobo ophantsi wokungena, ngaloo ndlela ukuthintela ngokufanelekileyo ukufuduka kwezinto ezingcolileyo. Oku kubaluleke ngakumbi kwiindawo apho izinto ezinobungozi zigcinwa okanye zilungiswa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba okusingqongileyo kukhuselwe.
3. Ukugcinwa kwamanzi: I-GCL ingasetyenziselwa ukugcina amanzi kwizicelo ezifana namachibi, amachibi kunye namachibi okwenziwa. Ubume bayo obungangeni kunceda ekunciphiseni ilahleko yamanzi ngenxa yokuphuma kwamanzi, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe sisisombululo esingabizi kakhulu kwiiprojekthi zolondolozo lwamanzi.
4. Uzinziso lweSlope: Ii-GCL zingasetyenziswa kwiiprojekthi zokuzinzisa ithambeka. Ngokubonelela ngomqobo wokuthintela ukungena kwamanzi, banceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokukhukuliseka kunye nokudilika komhlaba. Oku kuluncedo ngakumbi kwiindawo ezinamathambeka angumnqantsa okanye apho uzinzo lomhlaba luyinkxalabo.
I-5.I-Canal kunye ne-Pond Liners: I-GCL isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo njenge-liner ye-canal kunye namachibi okukhusela amanzi kunye nokulawula ukukhukuliseka. Ubunzima bayo obulula kunye nokulula kofakelo kwenza kube lukhetho oluphezulu kwezi zicelo.
6.Izicelo zeMigodi: Kwishishini lemigodi, ii-GCL zisetyenziselwa ulawulo lweentsalela zezimbiwa kwaye zenze imiqobo yokuthintela ungcoliseko olusuka kwimisebenzi yemigodi ukuba lufudukele kwiindawo ezingqongileyo. Ukusebenza kwabo ekulawuleni i-sepage kubenza babe yi-asethi exabisekileyo kwiiprojekthi zemigodi.
Izinto ezilungileyo zeGeosynthetic Clay Liners
Ukuthandwa kwee-GCLs kunokubalelwa kwiingenelo ezininzi ngaphezulu kweelitha zodongwe zemveli kunye nezinye iindlela zokuqulatha:
1.Isebenza kakuhle emalini: I-GCL ngokuqhelekileyo ineendleko ezingaphezulu kuneentambo zodongwe zemveli. Iimpawu zayo zobunzima bokukhanya zinciphisa iindleko zokuthumela kunye nokufakwa, okwenza kube yinto ekhangayo kwiiprojekthi ezininzi.
2.Kulula ukuyifaka: I-GCL kulula ukuyiphatha kunye nokuyifaka, ukunciphisa kakhulu iindleko zabasebenzi kunye nobude beprojekthi. Inokuqengqeleka kwaye ibekwe endaweni ngaphandle kwesidingo soomatshini abanzima.
3.Ukufikeleleka okuphantsi: I-bentonite esetyenziswa kwi-GCL inobuchwephesha obuphantsi kakhulu, obubaluleke kakhulu kwizicelo ezifuna ukugcinwa okusebenzayo kolwelo. Le propati iqinisekisa ukuba ungcoliseko aluyi kufuduka kwi-liner.
4.Ukuqina: Ii-GCLs ziyilelwe ukuba zimelane neemeko ezirhabaxa zokusingqongileyo, kubandakanywa ukuvezwa kwe-UV, ukuguquguquka kobushushu, kunye noxinzelelo kumatshini. Oku kuqina kuqinisekisa ubomi benkonzo ende, ukunciphisa imfuno yokutshintshwa rhoqo.
5.Ukhuseleko lokusiNgqongileyo: Ii-GCL zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuseleni okusingqongileyo kunye nempilo yoluntu ngokuthintela ukufuduka kwezinto ezingcolileyo. Ukusetyenziswa kwazo kwiindawo zokulahla inkunkuma kunye nezicelo zolawulo lwenkunkuma kunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko onxulumene nezinto ezinobungozi.
Izinto ezichaphazela amaxabiso e-GCL
Ixabiso lelayini yodongwe ye-geosynthetic iya kwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi:
1.Umgangatho wezinto eziphathekayo: Umgangatho we-bentonite kunye ne-geotextile esetyenziswe kwi-GCL inokuchaphazela kakhulu ixabiso. Iimathiriyeli ezikumgangatho ophezulu ngokubanzi zinokusebenza okungcono kunye nokuqina, kodwa zinokubiza ngaphezulu.
I-2.Ubukhulu kunye nobukhulu: Ii-GCL ziza kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo kunye nobukhulu, ezinokuchaphazela ixabiso elipheleleyo. Iiphedi ezinkulu nezingqindilili zinokubiza kakhulu kuba kusetyenziswa ubuninzi bezinto eziphathekayo.
3. Inkqubo yokuvelisa: Indlela eyenziwa ngayo i-GCL inokuchaphazela amaxabiso. Ubuchule bokuvelisa obuphezulu obuphucula ukusebenza kwe-liner kunokubangela iindleko ezongeziweyo.
I-4.Imfuno yeMakethi: Njengayo nayiphi na enye imveliso, ixabiso le-GCL liya kuchaphazeleka kwakhona yimfuno yemarike. Ukunyuka kwemfuno yezisombululo zokhuselo lokusingqongileyo kunye neenkqubo zolawulo lwenkunkuma ziya kuwanyusa amaxabiso.
I-5.Iindleko zokuthutha: Ekubeni i-GCL idla ngokuhanjiswa kwindawo yeprojekthi, iindleko zokuthutha ziya kuchaphazela nexabiso lokugqibela. Izinto ezinjengomgama, indlela yokuthutha kunye namaxabiso epetroli aya kuchaphazela iindleko zothutho.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-08-2025